# File generated from our OpenAPI spec by Stainless. See CONTRIBUTING.md for details.

from __future__ import annotations

import gc
import os
import sys
import json
import asyncio
import inspect
import tracemalloc
from typing import Any, Union, cast
from unittest import mock
from typing_extensions import Literal

import httpx
import pytest
from respx import MockRouter
from pydantic import ValidationError

from cloudflare import Cloudflare, AsyncCloudflare, APIResponseValidationError
from cloudflare._types import Omit
from cloudflare._utils import asyncify
from cloudflare._models import BaseModel, FinalRequestOptions
from cloudflare._exceptions import APIStatusError, APITimeoutError, APIResponseValidationError
from cloudflare._base_client import (
    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
    HTTPX_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
    BaseClient,
    OtherPlatform,
    DefaultHttpxClient,
    DefaultAsyncHttpxClient,
    get_platform,
    make_request_options,
)

from .utils import update_env

base_url = os.environ.get("TEST_API_BASE_URL", "http://127.0.0.1:4010")
api_key = "144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194"
api_email = "user@example.com"


def _get_params(client: BaseClient[Any, Any]) -> dict[str, str]:
    request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
    url = httpx.URL(request.url)
    return dict(url.params)


def _low_retry_timeout(*_args: Any, **_kwargs: Any) -> float:
    return 0.1


def _get_open_connections(client: Cloudflare | AsyncCloudflare) -> int:
    transport = client._client._transport
    assert isinstance(transport, httpx.HTTPTransport) or isinstance(transport, httpx.AsyncHTTPTransport)

    pool = transport._pool
    return len(pool._requests)


class TestCloudflare:
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_raw_response(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = client.post("/foo", cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert isinstance(response, httpx.Response)
        assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_raw_response_for_binary(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/foo").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(200, headers={"Content-Type": "application/binary"}, content='{"foo": "bar"}')
        )

        response = client.post("/foo", cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert isinstance(response, httpx.Response)
        assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    def test_copy(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        copied = client.copy()
        assert id(copied) != id(client)

        copied = client.copy(api_key="another 144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194")
        assert copied.api_key == "another 144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194"
        assert client.api_key == "144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194"

        copied = client.copy(api_email="another user@example.com")
        assert copied.api_email == "another user@example.com"
        assert client.api_email == "user@example.com"

    def test_copy_default_options(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        # options that have a default are overridden correctly
        copied = client.copy(max_retries=7)
        assert copied.max_retries == 7
        assert client.max_retries == 2

        copied2 = copied.copy(max_retries=6)
        assert copied2.max_retries == 6
        assert copied.max_retries == 7

        # timeout
        assert isinstance(client.timeout, httpx.Timeout)
        copied = client.copy(timeout=None)
        assert copied.timeout is None
        assert isinstance(client.timeout, httpx.Timeout)

    def test_copy_default_headers(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={"X-Foo": "bar"},
        )
        assert client.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"

        # does not override the already given value when not specified
        copied = client.copy()
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"

        # merges already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_headers={"X-Bar": "stainless"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Bar"] == "stainless"

        # uses new values for any already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_headers={"X-Foo": "stainless"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "stainless"

        # set_default_headers

        # completely overrides already set values
        copied = client.copy(set_default_headers={})
        assert copied.default_headers.get("X-Foo") is None

        copied = client.copy(set_default_headers={"X-Bar": "Robert"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Bar"] == "Robert"

        with pytest.raises(
            ValueError,
            match="`default_headers` and `set_default_headers` arguments are mutually exclusive",
        ):
            client.copy(set_default_headers={}, default_headers={"X-Foo": "Bar"})
        client.close()

    def test_copy_default_query(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_query={"foo": "bar"},
        )
        assert _get_params(client)["foo"] == "bar"

        # does not override the already given value when not specified
        copied = client.copy()
        assert _get_params(copied)["foo"] == "bar"

        # merges already given params
        copied = client.copy(default_query={"bar": "stainless"})
        params = _get_params(copied)
        assert params["foo"] == "bar"
        assert params["bar"] == "stainless"

        # uses new values for any already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_query={"foo": "stainless"})
        assert _get_params(copied)["foo"] == "stainless"

        # set_default_query

        # completely overrides already set values
        copied = client.copy(set_default_query={})
        assert _get_params(copied) == {}

        copied = client.copy(set_default_query={"bar": "Robert"})
        assert _get_params(copied)["bar"] == "Robert"

        with pytest.raises(
            ValueError,
            # TODO: update
            match="`default_query` and `set_default_query` arguments are mutually exclusive",
        ):
            client.copy(set_default_query={}, default_query={"foo": "Bar"})

        client.close()

    def test_copy_signature(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        # ensure the same parameters that can be passed to the client are defined in the `.copy()` method
        init_signature = inspect.signature(
            # mypy doesn't like that we access the `__init__` property.
            client.__init__,  # type: ignore[misc]
        )
        copy_signature = inspect.signature(client.copy)
        exclude_params = {"transport", "proxies", "_strict_response_validation"}

        for name in init_signature.parameters.keys():
            if name in exclude_params:
                continue

            copy_param = copy_signature.parameters.get(name)
            assert copy_param is not None, f"copy() signature is missing the {name} param"

    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info >= (3, 10), reason="fails because of a memory leak that started from 3.12")
    def test_copy_build_request(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        options = FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo")

        def build_request(options: FinalRequestOptions) -> None:
            client_copy = client.copy()
            client_copy._build_request(options)

        # ensure that the machinery is warmed up before tracing starts.
        build_request(options)
        gc.collect()

        tracemalloc.start(1000)

        snapshot_before = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()

        ITERATIONS = 10
        for _ in range(ITERATIONS):
            build_request(options)

        gc.collect()
        snapshot_after = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()

        tracemalloc.stop()

        def add_leak(leaks: list[tracemalloc.StatisticDiff], diff: tracemalloc.StatisticDiff) -> None:
            if diff.count == 0:
                # Avoid false positives by considering only leaks (i.e. allocations that persist).
                return

            if diff.count % ITERATIONS != 0:
                # Avoid false positives by considering only leaks that appear per iteration.
                return

            for frame in diff.traceback:
                if any(
                    frame.filename.endswith(fragment)
                    for fragment in [
                        # to_raw_response_wrapper leaks through the @functools.wraps() decorator.
                        #
                        # removing the decorator fixes the leak for reasons we don't understand.
                        "cloudflare/_legacy_response.py",
                        "cloudflare/_response.py",
                        # pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump || pydantic.BaseModel.dict leak memory for some reason.
                        "cloudflare/_compat.py",
                        # Standard library leaks we don't care about.
                        "/logging/__init__.py",
                    ]
                ):
                    return

            leaks.append(diff)

        leaks: list[tracemalloc.StatisticDiff] = []
        for diff in snapshot_after.compare_to(snapshot_before, "traceback"):
            add_leak(leaks, diff)
        if leaks:
            for leak in leaks:
                print("MEMORY LEAK:", leak)
                for frame in leak.traceback:
                    print(frame)
            raise AssertionError()

    def test_request_timeout(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT

        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", timeout=httpx.Timeout(100.0)))
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(100.0)

    def test_client_timeout_option(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            timeout=httpx.Timeout(0),
        )

        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(0)

        client.close()

    def test_http_client_timeout_option(self) -> None:
        # custom timeout given to the httpx client should be used
        with httpx.Client(timeout=None) as http_client:
            client = Cloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(None)

            client.close()

        # no timeout given to the httpx client should not use the httpx default
        with httpx.Client() as http_client:
            client = Cloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT

            client.close()

        # explicitly passing the default timeout currently results in it being ignored
        with httpx.Client(timeout=HTTPX_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT) as http_client:
            client = Cloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT  # our default

            client.close()

    async def test_invalid_http_client(self) -> None:
        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="Invalid `http_client` arg"):
            async with httpx.AsyncClient() as http_client:
                Cloudflare(
                    base_url=base_url,
                    api_key=api_key,
                    api_email=api_email,
                    _strict_response_validation=True,
                    http_client=cast(Any, http_client),
                )

    def test_default_headers_option(self) -> None:
        test_client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={"X-Foo": "bar"},
        )
        request = test_client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("x-foo") == "bar"
        assert request.headers.get("x-stainless-lang") == "python"

        test_client2 = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={
                "X-Foo": "stainless",
                "X-Stainless-Lang": "my-overriding-header",
            },
        )
        request = test_client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("x-foo") == "stainless"
        assert request.headers.get("x-stainless-lang") == "my-overriding-header"

        test_client.close()
        test_client2.close()

    def test_validate_headers(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True)
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("X-Auth-Email") == api_email
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("X-Auth-Key") == api_key

        with update_env(
            **{
                "CLOUDFLARE_EMAIL": Omit(),
                "CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY": Omit(),
            }
        ):
            client2 = Cloudflare(base_url=base_url, api_key=None, api_email=None, _strict_response_validation=True)

        with pytest.raises(
            TypeError,
            match="Could not resolve authentication method. Expected one of api_email, api_key, api_token or user_service_key to be set. Or for one of the `X-Auth-Email`, `X-Auth-Key`, `Authorization` or `X-Auth-User-Service-Key` headers to be explicitly omitted",
        ):
            client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))

        request2 = client2._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", headers={"X-Auth-Email": Omit()})
        )
        assert request2.headers.get("X-Auth-Email") is None
        request2 = client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", headers={"X-Auth-Key": Omit()}))
        assert request2.headers.get("X-Auth-Key") is None

    def test_default_query_option(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_query={"query_param": "bar"},
        )
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        url = httpx.URL(request.url)
        assert dict(url.params) == {"query_param": "bar"}

        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="get",
                url="/foo",
                params={"foo": "baz", "query_param": "overridden"},
            )
        )
        url = httpx.URL(request.url)
        assert dict(url.params) == {"foo": "baz", "query_param": "overridden"}

        client.close()

    def test_request_extra_json(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
                extra_json={"baz": False},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"foo": "bar", "baz": False}

        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                extra_json={"baz": False},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"baz": False}

        # `extra_json` takes priority over `json_data` when keys clash
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar", "baz": True},
                extra_json={"baz": None},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"foo": "bar", "baz": None}

    def test_request_extra_headers(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(extra_headers={"X-Foo": "Foo"}),
            ),
        )
        assert request.headers.get("X-Foo") == "Foo"

        # `extra_headers` takes priority over `default_headers` when keys clash
        request = client.with_options(default_headers={"X-Bar": "true"})._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    extra_headers={"X-Bar": "false"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        assert request.headers.get("X-Bar") == "false"

    def test_request_extra_query(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    extra_query={"my_query_param": "Foo"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"my_query_param": "Foo"}

        # if both `query` and `extra_query` are given, they are merged
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    query={"bar": "1"},
                    extra_query={"foo": "2"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"bar": "1", "foo": "2"}

        # `extra_query` takes priority over `query` when keys clash
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    query={"foo": "1"},
                    extra_query={"foo": "2"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"foo": "2"}

    def test_multipart_repeating_array(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions.construct(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                headers={"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82"},
                json_data={"array": ["foo", "bar"]},
                files=[("foo.txt", b"hello world")],
            )
        )

        assert request.read().split(b"\r\n") == [
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="array[]"',
            b"",
            b"foo",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="array[]"',
            b"",
            b"bar",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo.txt"; filename="upload"',
            b"Content-Type: application/octet-stream",
            b"",
            b"hello world",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82--",
            b"",
        ]

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_basic_union_response(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        class Model1(BaseModel):
            name: str

        class Model2(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model2)
        assert response.foo == "bar"

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_union_response_different_types(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        """Union of objects with the same field name using a different type"""

        class Model1(BaseModel):
            foo: int

        class Model2(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model2)
        assert response.foo == "bar"

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": 1}))

        response = client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model1)
        assert response.foo == 1

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_non_application_json_content_type_for_json_data(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        """
        Response that sets Content-Type to something other than application/json but returns json data
        """

        class Model(BaseModel):
            foo: int

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(
                200,
                content=json.dumps({"foo": 2}),
                headers={"Content-Type": "application/text"},
            )
        )

        response = client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)
        assert isinstance(response, Model)
        assert response.foo == 2

    def test_base_url_setter(self) -> None:
        client = Cloudflare(
            base_url="https://example.com/from_init",
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
        )
        assert client.base_url == "https://example.com/from_init/"

        client.base_url = "https://example.com/from_setter"  # type: ignore[assignment]

        assert client.base_url == "https://example.com/from_setter/"

        client.close()

    def test_base_url_env(self) -> None:
        with update_env(CLOUDFLARE_BASE_URL="http://localhost:5000/from/env"):
            client = Cloudflare(api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True)
            assert client.base_url == "http://localhost:5000/from/env/"

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.Client(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    def test_base_url_trailing_slash(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "http://localhost:5000/custom/path/foo"
        client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.Client(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    def test_base_url_no_trailing_slash(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "http://localhost:5000/custom/path/foo"
        client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            Cloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.Client(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    def test_absolute_request_url(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="https://myapi.com/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "https://myapi.com/foo"
        client.close()

    def test_copied_client_does_not_close_http(self) -> None:
        test_client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )
        assert not test_client.is_closed()

        copied = test_client.copy()
        assert copied is not test_client

        del copied

        assert not test_client.is_closed()

    def test_client_context_manager(self) -> None:
        test_client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )
        with test_client as c2:
            assert c2 is test_client
            assert not c2.is_closed()
            assert not test_client.is_closed()
        assert test_client.is_closed()

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_client_response_validation_error(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        class Model(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": {"invalid": True}}))

        with pytest.raises(APIResponseValidationError) as exc:
            client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)

        assert isinstance(exc.value.__cause__, ValidationError)

    def test_client_max_retries_validation(self) -> None:
        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"max_retries cannot be None"):
            Cloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                max_retries=cast(Any, None),
            )

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_received_text_for_expected_json(self, respx_mock: MockRouter) -> None:
        class Model(BaseModel):
            name: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, text="my-custom-format"))

        strict_client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )

        with pytest.raises(APIResponseValidationError):
            strict_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)

        non_strict_client = Cloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=False
        )

        response = non_strict_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)
        assert isinstance(response, str)  # type: ignore[unreachable]

        strict_client.close()
        non_strict_client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "remaining_retries,retry_after,timeout",
        [
            [3, "20", 20],
            [3, "0", 0.5],
            [3, "-10", 0.5],
            [3, "60", 60],
            [3, "61", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:57 GMT", 20],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:37 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:27 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:27:37 GMT", 60],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:27:38 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "99999999999999999999999999999999999", 0.5],
            [3, "Zun, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:27 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "", 0.5],
            [2, "", 0.5 * 2.0],
            [1, "", 0.5 * 4.0],
            [-1100, "", 8],  # test large number potentially overflowing
        ],
    )
    @mock.patch("time.time", mock.MagicMock(return_value=1696004797))
    def test_parse_retry_after_header(
        self, remaining_retries: int, retry_after: str, timeout: float, client: Cloudflare
    ) -> None:
        headers = httpx.Headers({"retry-after": retry_after})
        options = FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", max_retries=3)
        calculated = client._calculate_retry_timeout(remaining_retries, options, headers)
        assert calculated == pytest.approx(timeout, 0.5 * 0.875)  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]

    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_retrying_timeout_errors_doesnt_leak(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=httpx.TimeoutException("Test timeout error"))

        with pytest.raises(APITimeoutError):
            client.zones.with_streaming_response.create(account={}, name="example.com").__enter__()

        assert _get_open_connections(client) == 0

    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_retrying_status_errors_doesnt_leak(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(500))

        with pytest.raises(APIStatusError):
            client.zones.with_streaming_response.create(account={}, name="example.com").__enter__()
        assert _get_open_connections(client) == 0

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failure_mode", ["status", "exception"])
    def test_retries_taken(
        self,
        client: Cloudflare,
        failures_before_success: int,
        failure_mode: Literal["status", "exception"],
        respx_mock: MockRouter,
    ) -> None:
        client = client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                if failure_mode == "exception":
                    raise RuntimeError("oops")
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = client.zones.with_raw_response.create(account={}, name="example.com")

        assert response.retries_taken == failures_before_success
        assert int(response.http_request.headers.get("x-stainless-retry-count")) == failures_before_success

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_omit_retry_count_header(
        self, client: Cloudflare, failures_before_success: int, respx_mock: MockRouter
    ) -> None:
        client = client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = client.zones.with_raw_response.create(
            account={}, name="example.com", extra_headers={"x-stainless-retry-count": Omit()}
        )

        assert len(response.http_request.headers.get_list("x-stainless-retry-count")) == 0

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_overwrite_retry_count_header(
        self, client: Cloudflare, failures_before_success: int, respx_mock: MockRouter
    ) -> None:
        client = client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = client.zones.with_raw_response.create(
            account={}, name="example.com", extra_headers={"x-stainless-retry-count": "42"}
        )

        assert response.http_request.headers.get("x-stainless-retry-count") == "42"

    def test_proxy_environment_variables(self, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
        # Test that the proxy environment variables are set correctly
        monkeypatch.setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "https://example.org")

        client = DefaultHttpxClient()

        mounts = tuple(client._mounts.items())
        assert len(mounts) == 1
        assert mounts[0][0].pattern == "https://"

    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:.*deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning")
    def test_default_client_creation(self) -> None:
        # Ensure that the client can be initialized without any exceptions
        DefaultHttpxClient(
            verify=True,
            cert=None,
            trust_env=True,
            http1=True,
            http2=False,
            limits=httpx.Limits(max_connections=100, max_keepalive_connections=20),
        )

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_follow_redirects(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        # Test that the default follow_redirects=True allows following redirects
        respx_mock.post("/redirect").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(302, headers={"Location": f"{base_url}/redirected"})
        )
        respx_mock.get("/redirected").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"status": "ok"}))

        response = client.post("/redirect", body={"key": "value"}, cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.json() == {"status": "ok"}

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    def test_follow_redirects_disabled(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        # Test that follow_redirects=False prevents following redirects
        respx_mock.post("/redirect").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(302, headers={"Location": f"{base_url}/redirected"})
        )

        with pytest.raises(APIStatusError) as exc_info:
            client.post("/redirect", body={"key": "value"}, options={"follow_redirects": False}, cast_to=httpx.Response)

        assert exc_info.value.response.status_code == 302
        assert exc_info.value.response.headers["Location"] == f"{base_url}/redirected"


class TestAsyncCloudflare:
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_raw_response(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = await async_client.post("/foo", cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert isinstance(response, httpx.Response)
        assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_raw_response_for_binary(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/foo").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(200, headers={"Content-Type": "application/binary"}, content='{"foo": "bar"}')
        )

        response = await async_client.post("/foo", cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert isinstance(response, httpx.Response)
        assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    def test_copy(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        copied = async_client.copy()
        assert id(copied) != id(async_client)

        copied = async_client.copy(api_key="another 144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194")
        assert copied.api_key == "another 144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194"
        assert async_client.api_key == "144c9defac04969c7bfad8efaa8ea194"

        copied = async_client.copy(api_email="another user@example.com")
        assert copied.api_email == "another user@example.com"
        assert async_client.api_email == "user@example.com"

    def test_copy_default_options(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        # options that have a default are overridden correctly
        copied = async_client.copy(max_retries=7)
        assert copied.max_retries == 7
        assert async_client.max_retries == 2

        copied2 = copied.copy(max_retries=6)
        assert copied2.max_retries == 6
        assert copied.max_retries == 7

        # timeout
        assert isinstance(async_client.timeout, httpx.Timeout)
        copied = async_client.copy(timeout=None)
        assert copied.timeout is None
        assert isinstance(async_client.timeout, httpx.Timeout)

    async def test_copy_default_headers(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={"X-Foo": "bar"},
        )
        assert client.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"

        # does not override the already given value when not specified
        copied = client.copy()
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"

        # merges already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_headers={"X-Bar": "stainless"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "bar"
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Bar"] == "stainless"

        # uses new values for any already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_headers={"X-Foo": "stainless"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Foo"] == "stainless"

        # set_default_headers

        # completely overrides already set values
        copied = client.copy(set_default_headers={})
        assert copied.default_headers.get("X-Foo") is None

        copied = client.copy(set_default_headers={"X-Bar": "Robert"})
        assert copied.default_headers["X-Bar"] == "Robert"

        with pytest.raises(
            ValueError,
            match="`default_headers` and `set_default_headers` arguments are mutually exclusive",
        ):
            client.copy(set_default_headers={}, default_headers={"X-Foo": "Bar"})
        await client.close()

    async def test_copy_default_query(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_query={"foo": "bar"},
        )
        assert _get_params(client)["foo"] == "bar"

        # does not override the already given value when not specified
        copied = client.copy()
        assert _get_params(copied)["foo"] == "bar"

        # merges already given params
        copied = client.copy(default_query={"bar": "stainless"})
        params = _get_params(copied)
        assert params["foo"] == "bar"
        assert params["bar"] == "stainless"

        # uses new values for any already given headers
        copied = client.copy(default_query={"foo": "stainless"})
        assert _get_params(copied)["foo"] == "stainless"

        # set_default_query

        # completely overrides already set values
        copied = client.copy(set_default_query={})
        assert _get_params(copied) == {}

        copied = client.copy(set_default_query={"bar": "Robert"})
        assert _get_params(copied)["bar"] == "Robert"

        with pytest.raises(
            ValueError,
            # TODO: update
            match="`default_query` and `set_default_query` arguments are mutually exclusive",
        ):
            client.copy(set_default_query={}, default_query={"foo": "Bar"})

        await client.close()

    def test_copy_signature(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        # ensure the same parameters that can be passed to the client are defined in the `.copy()` method
        init_signature = inspect.signature(
            # mypy doesn't like that we access the `__init__` property.
            async_client.__init__,  # type: ignore[misc]
        )
        copy_signature = inspect.signature(async_client.copy)
        exclude_params = {"transport", "proxies", "_strict_response_validation"}

        for name in init_signature.parameters.keys():
            if name in exclude_params:
                continue

            copy_param = copy_signature.parameters.get(name)
            assert copy_param is not None, f"copy() signature is missing the {name} param"

    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info >= (3, 10), reason="fails because of a memory leak that started from 3.12")
    def test_copy_build_request(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        options = FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo")

        def build_request(options: FinalRequestOptions) -> None:
            client_copy = async_client.copy()
            client_copy._build_request(options)

        # ensure that the machinery is warmed up before tracing starts.
        build_request(options)
        gc.collect()

        tracemalloc.start(1000)

        snapshot_before = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()

        ITERATIONS = 10
        for _ in range(ITERATIONS):
            build_request(options)

        gc.collect()
        snapshot_after = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()

        tracemalloc.stop()

        def add_leak(leaks: list[tracemalloc.StatisticDiff], diff: tracemalloc.StatisticDiff) -> None:
            if diff.count == 0:
                # Avoid false positives by considering only leaks (i.e. allocations that persist).
                return

            if diff.count % ITERATIONS != 0:
                # Avoid false positives by considering only leaks that appear per iteration.
                return

            for frame in diff.traceback:
                if any(
                    frame.filename.endswith(fragment)
                    for fragment in [
                        # to_raw_response_wrapper leaks through the @functools.wraps() decorator.
                        #
                        # removing the decorator fixes the leak for reasons we don't understand.
                        "cloudflare/_legacy_response.py",
                        "cloudflare/_response.py",
                        # pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump || pydantic.BaseModel.dict leak memory for some reason.
                        "cloudflare/_compat.py",
                        # Standard library leaks we don't care about.
                        "/logging/__init__.py",
                    ]
                ):
                    return

            leaks.append(diff)

        leaks: list[tracemalloc.StatisticDiff] = []
        for diff in snapshot_after.compare_to(snapshot_before, "traceback"):
            add_leak(leaks, diff)
        if leaks:
            for leak in leaks:
                print("MEMORY LEAK:", leak)
                for frame in leak.traceback:
                    print(frame)
            raise AssertionError()

    async def test_request_timeout(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        request = async_client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT

        request = async_client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", timeout=httpx.Timeout(100.0))
        )
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(100.0)

    async def test_client_timeout_option(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            timeout=httpx.Timeout(0),
        )

        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
        assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(0)

        await client.close()

    async def test_http_client_timeout_option(self) -> None:
        # custom timeout given to the httpx client should be used
        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=None) as http_client:
            client = AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == httpx.Timeout(None)

            await client.close()

        # no timeout given to the httpx client should not use the httpx default
        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as http_client:
            client = AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT

            await client.close()

        # explicitly passing the default timeout currently results in it being ignored
        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=HTTPX_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT) as http_client:
            client = AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=http_client,
            )

            request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
            timeout = httpx.Timeout(**request.extensions["timeout"])  # type: ignore
            assert timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT  # our default

            await client.close()

    def test_invalid_http_client(self) -> None:
        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="Invalid `http_client` arg"):
            with httpx.Client() as http_client:
                AsyncCloudflare(
                    base_url=base_url,
                    api_key=api_key,
                    api_email=api_email,
                    _strict_response_validation=True,
                    http_client=cast(Any, http_client),
                )

    async def test_default_headers_option(self) -> None:
        test_client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={"X-Foo": "bar"},
        )
        request = test_client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("x-foo") == "bar"
        assert request.headers.get("x-stainless-lang") == "python"

        test_client2 = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_headers={
                "X-Foo": "stainless",
                "X-Stainless-Lang": "my-overriding-header",
            },
        )
        request = test_client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("x-foo") == "stainless"
        assert request.headers.get("x-stainless-lang") == "my-overriding-header"

        await test_client.close()
        await test_client2.close()

    def test_validate_headers(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("X-Auth-Email") == api_email
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        assert request.headers.get("X-Auth-Key") == api_key

        with update_env(
            **{
                "CLOUDFLARE_EMAIL": Omit(),
                "CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY": Omit(),
            }
        ):
            client2 = AsyncCloudflare(base_url=base_url, api_key=None, api_email=None, _strict_response_validation=True)

        with pytest.raises(
            TypeError,
            match="Could not resolve authentication method. Expected one of api_email, api_key, api_token or user_service_key to be set. Or for one of the `X-Auth-Email`, `X-Auth-Key`, `Authorization` or `X-Auth-User-Service-Key` headers to be explicitly omitted",
        ):
            client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))

        request2 = client2._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", headers={"X-Auth-Email": Omit()})
        )
        assert request2.headers.get("X-Auth-Email") is None
        request2 = client2._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", headers={"X-Auth-Key": Omit()}))
        assert request2.headers.get("X-Auth-Key") is None

    async def test_default_query_option(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url,
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
            default_query={"query_param": "bar"},
        )
        request = client._build_request(FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo"))
        url = httpx.URL(request.url)
        assert dict(url.params) == {"query_param": "bar"}

        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="get",
                url="/foo",
                params={"foo": "baz", "query_param": "overridden"},
            )
        )
        url = httpx.URL(request.url)
        assert dict(url.params) == {"foo": "baz", "query_param": "overridden"}

        await client.close()

    def test_request_extra_json(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
                extra_json={"baz": False},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"foo": "bar", "baz": False}

        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                extra_json={"baz": False},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"baz": False}

        # `extra_json` takes priority over `json_data` when keys clash
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar", "baz": True},
                extra_json={"baz": None},
            ),
        )
        data = json.loads(request.content.decode("utf-8"))
        assert data == {"foo": "bar", "baz": None}

    def test_request_extra_headers(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(extra_headers={"X-Foo": "Foo"}),
            ),
        )
        assert request.headers.get("X-Foo") == "Foo"

        # `extra_headers` takes priority over `default_headers` when keys clash
        request = client.with_options(default_headers={"X-Bar": "true"})._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    extra_headers={"X-Bar": "false"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        assert request.headers.get("X-Bar") == "false"

    def test_request_extra_query(self, client: Cloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    extra_query={"my_query_param": "Foo"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"my_query_param": "Foo"}

        # if both `query` and `extra_query` are given, they are merged
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    query={"bar": "1"},
                    extra_query={"foo": "2"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"bar": "1", "foo": "2"}

        # `extra_query` takes priority over `query` when keys clash
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                **make_request_options(
                    query={"foo": "1"},
                    extra_query={"foo": "2"},
                ),
            ),
        )
        params = dict(request.url.params)
        assert params == {"foo": "2"}

    def test_multipart_repeating_array(self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        request = async_client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions.construct(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                headers={"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82"},
                json_data={"array": ["foo", "bar"]},
                files=[("foo.txt", b"hello world")],
            )
        )

        assert request.read().split(b"\r\n") == [
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="array[]"',
            b"",
            b"foo",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="array[]"',
            b"",
            b"bar",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82",
            b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo.txt"; filename="upload"',
            b"Content-Type: application/octet-stream",
            b"",
            b"hello world",
            b"--6b7ba517decee4a450543ea6ae821c82--",
            b"",
        ]

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_basic_union_response(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        class Model1(BaseModel):
            name: str

        class Model2(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = await async_client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model2)
        assert response.foo == "bar"

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_union_response_different_types(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        """Union of objects with the same field name using a different type"""

        class Model1(BaseModel):
            foo: int

        class Model2(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": "bar"}))

        response = await async_client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model2)
        assert response.foo == "bar"

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": 1}))

        response = await async_client.get("/foo", cast_to=cast(Any, Union[Model1, Model2]))
        assert isinstance(response, Model1)
        assert response.foo == 1

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_non_application_json_content_type_for_json_data(
        self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare
    ) -> None:
        """
        Response that sets Content-Type to something other than application/json but returns json data
        """

        class Model(BaseModel):
            foo: int

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(
                200,
                content=json.dumps({"foo": 2}),
                headers={"Content-Type": "application/text"},
            )
        )

        response = await async_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)
        assert isinstance(response, Model)
        assert response.foo == 2

    async def test_base_url_setter(self) -> None:
        client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url="https://example.com/from_init",
            api_key=api_key,
            api_email=api_email,
            _strict_response_validation=True,
        )
        assert client.base_url == "https://example.com/from_init/"

        client.base_url = "https://example.com/from_setter"  # type: ignore[assignment]

        assert client.base_url == "https://example.com/from_setter/"

        await client.close()

    async def test_base_url_env(self) -> None:
        with update_env(CLOUDFLARE_BASE_URL="http://localhost:5000/from/env"):
            client = AsyncCloudflare(api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True)
            assert client.base_url == "http://localhost:5000/from/env/"

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.AsyncClient(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    async def test_base_url_trailing_slash(self, client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "http://localhost:5000/custom/path/foo"
        await client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.AsyncClient(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    async def test_base_url_no_trailing_slash(self, client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "http://localhost:5000/custom/path/foo"
        await client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "client",
        [
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
            ),
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url="http://localhost:5000/custom/path/",
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                http_client=httpx.AsyncClient(),
            ),
        ],
        ids=["standard", "custom http client"],
    )
    async def test_absolute_request_url(self, client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        request = client._build_request(
            FinalRequestOptions(
                method="post",
                url="https://myapi.com/foo",
                json_data={"foo": "bar"},
            ),
        )
        assert request.url == "https://myapi.com/foo"
        await client.close()

    async def test_copied_client_does_not_close_http(self) -> None:
        test_client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )
        assert not test_client.is_closed()

        copied = test_client.copy()
        assert copied is not test_client

        del copied

        await asyncio.sleep(0.2)
        assert not test_client.is_closed()

    async def test_client_context_manager(self) -> None:
        test_client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )
        async with test_client as c2:
            assert c2 is test_client
            assert not c2.is_closed()
            assert not test_client.is_closed()
        assert test_client.is_closed()

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_client_response_validation_error(
        self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare
    ) -> None:
        class Model(BaseModel):
            foo: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"foo": {"invalid": True}}))

        with pytest.raises(APIResponseValidationError) as exc:
            await async_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)

        assert isinstance(exc.value.__cause__, ValidationError)

    async def test_client_max_retries_validation(self) -> None:
        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"max_retries cannot be None"):
            AsyncCloudflare(
                base_url=base_url,
                api_key=api_key,
                api_email=api_email,
                _strict_response_validation=True,
                max_retries=cast(Any, None),
            )

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_received_text_for_expected_json(self, respx_mock: MockRouter) -> None:
        class Model(BaseModel):
            name: str

        respx_mock.get("/foo").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, text="my-custom-format"))

        strict_client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=True
        )

        with pytest.raises(APIResponseValidationError):
            await strict_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)

        non_strict_client = AsyncCloudflare(
            base_url=base_url, api_key=api_key, api_email=api_email, _strict_response_validation=False
        )

        response = await non_strict_client.get("/foo", cast_to=Model)
        assert isinstance(response, str)  # type: ignore[unreachable]

        await strict_client.close()
        await non_strict_client.close()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        "remaining_retries,retry_after,timeout",
        [
            [3, "20", 20],
            [3, "0", 0.5],
            [3, "-10", 0.5],
            [3, "60", 60],
            [3, "61", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:57 GMT", 20],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:37 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:27 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:27:37 GMT", 60],
            [3, "Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:27:38 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "99999999999999999999999999999999999", 0.5],
            [3, "Zun, 29 Sep 2023 16:26:27 GMT", 0.5],
            [3, "", 0.5],
            [2, "", 0.5 * 2.0],
            [1, "", 0.5 * 4.0],
            [-1100, "", 8],  # test large number potentially overflowing
        ],
    )
    @mock.patch("time.time", mock.MagicMock(return_value=1696004797))
    async def test_parse_retry_after_header(
        self, remaining_retries: int, retry_after: str, timeout: float, async_client: AsyncCloudflare
    ) -> None:
        headers = httpx.Headers({"retry-after": retry_after})
        options = FinalRequestOptions(method="get", url="/foo", max_retries=3)
        calculated = async_client._calculate_retry_timeout(remaining_retries, options, headers)
        assert calculated == pytest.approx(timeout, 0.5 * 0.875)  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]

    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_retrying_timeout_errors_doesnt_leak(
        self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare
    ) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=httpx.TimeoutException("Test timeout error"))

        with pytest.raises(APITimeoutError):
            await async_client.zones.with_streaming_response.create(account={}, name="example.com").__aenter__()

        assert _get_open_connections(async_client) == 0

    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_retrying_status_errors_doesnt_leak(
        self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare
    ) -> None:
        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(500))

        with pytest.raises(APIStatusError):
            await async_client.zones.with_streaming_response.create(account={}, name="example.com").__aenter__()
        assert _get_open_connections(async_client) == 0

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failure_mode", ["status", "exception"])
    async def test_retries_taken(
        self,
        async_client: AsyncCloudflare,
        failures_before_success: int,
        failure_mode: Literal["status", "exception"],
        respx_mock: MockRouter,
    ) -> None:
        client = async_client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                if failure_mode == "exception":
                    raise RuntimeError("oops")
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = await client.zones.with_raw_response.create(account={}, name="example.com")

        assert response.retries_taken == failures_before_success
        assert int(response.http_request.headers.get("x-stainless-retry-count")) == failures_before_success

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_omit_retry_count_header(
        self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare, failures_before_success: int, respx_mock: MockRouter
    ) -> None:
        client = async_client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = await client.zones.with_raw_response.create(
            account={}, name="example.com", extra_headers={"x-stainless-retry-count": Omit()}
        )

        assert len(response.http_request.headers.get_list("x-stainless-retry-count")) == 0

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("failures_before_success", [0, 2, 4])
    @mock.patch("cloudflare._base_client.BaseClient._calculate_retry_timeout", _low_retry_timeout)
    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_overwrite_retry_count_header(
        self, async_client: AsyncCloudflare, failures_before_success: int, respx_mock: MockRouter
    ) -> None:
        client = async_client.with_options(max_retries=4)

        nb_retries = 0

        def retry_handler(_request: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
            nonlocal nb_retries
            if nb_retries < failures_before_success:
                nb_retries += 1
                return httpx.Response(500)
            return httpx.Response(200)

        respx_mock.post("/zones").mock(side_effect=retry_handler)

        response = await client.zones.with_raw_response.create(
            account={}, name="example.com", extra_headers={"x-stainless-retry-count": "42"}
        )

        assert response.http_request.headers.get("x-stainless-retry-count") == "42"

    async def test_get_platform(self) -> None:
        platform = await asyncify(get_platform)()
        assert isinstance(platform, (str, OtherPlatform))

    async def test_proxy_environment_variables(self, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
        # Test that the proxy environment variables are set correctly
        monkeypatch.setenv("HTTPS_PROXY", "https://example.org")

        client = DefaultAsyncHttpxClient()

        mounts = tuple(client._mounts.items())
        assert len(mounts) == 1
        assert mounts[0][0].pattern == "https://"

    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:.*deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning")
    async def test_default_client_creation(self) -> None:
        # Ensure that the client can be initialized without any exceptions
        DefaultAsyncHttpxClient(
            verify=True,
            cert=None,
            trust_env=True,
            http1=True,
            http2=False,
            limits=httpx.Limits(max_connections=100, max_keepalive_connections=20),
        )

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_follow_redirects(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        # Test that the default follow_redirects=True allows following redirects
        respx_mock.post("/redirect").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(302, headers={"Location": f"{base_url}/redirected"})
        )
        respx_mock.get("/redirected").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(200, json={"status": "ok"}))

        response = await async_client.post("/redirect", body={"key": "value"}, cast_to=httpx.Response)
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.json() == {"status": "ok"}

    @pytest.mark.respx(base_url=base_url)
    async def test_follow_redirects_disabled(self, respx_mock: MockRouter, async_client: AsyncCloudflare) -> None:
        # Test that follow_redirects=False prevents following redirects
        respx_mock.post("/redirect").mock(
            return_value=httpx.Response(302, headers={"Location": f"{base_url}/redirected"})
        )

        with pytest.raises(APIStatusError) as exc_info:
            await async_client.post(
                "/redirect", body={"key": "value"}, options={"follow_redirects": False}, cast_to=httpx.Response
            )

        assert exc_info.value.response.status_code == 302
        assert exc_info.value.response.headers["Location"] == f"{base_url}/redirected"
